Izinhlobo zezixhumi zokushaja ze-EV zezimoto zikagesi

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokushaja kwe-EV -ngokushesha,ngokushesha, futhikancane.Lezi zimelela ukuphuma kwamandla, ngakho-ke izivinini zokushaja, ezitholakalayo ukuze zishaje i-EV.Qaphela ukuthi amandla akalwa ngama-kilowatts (kW).

Uhlobo lweshaja ngayinye lunesethi ehlobene yezixhumi eziklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi noma aphezulu, kanye nokushaja kwe-AC noma kwe-DC.Izigaba ezilandelayo zinikeza incazelo enemininingwane yezinhlobo ezintathu zamaphoyinti okushaja ayinhloko nezixhumi ezihlukene ezitholakalayo.

Amashaja asheshayo

Amashaja asheshayo ayindlela eshesha kakhulu yokushaja i-EV, evame ukutholakala kumasevisi emoto noma ezindaweni eziseduze nemizila emikhulu.Amadivayisi asheshayo ahlinzeka ngamandla aphezulu aqondile noma ashintshashintshayo - DC noma i-AC - ukuze ashaje imoto ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kuye ngemodeli, ama-EV angashajwa futhi afike ku-80% emizuzwini engu-20, nakuba i-EV entsha emaphakathi ingathatha cishe ihora endaweni yokushaja esheshayo engu-50 kW.Amandla avela kuyunithi amele isivinini esikhulu sokushaja esitholakalayo, nakuba imoto izonciphisa isivinini sokushaja njengoba ibhethri lisondela ekushajweni okugcwele.Ngakho-ke, izikhathi zicashunwa ukuze kukhokhiswe ku-80%, ngemva kwalokho isivinini sokushaja sincipha kakhulu.Lokhu kukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokushaja futhi kusiza ukuvikela ibhethri.

Wonke amadivayisi asheshayo anezintambo zokushaja eziboshelwe kuyunithi, futhi ukushaja okusheshayo kungasetshenziswa kuphela ezimotweni ezikwazi ukushaja ngokushesha.Uma kubhekwa amaphrofayili esixhumi abonakala kalula - bona izithombe ngezansi - imininingwane yemodeli yakho kulula ukuyihlola ebhukwini lemoto noma ukuhlola i-inlet esebhodini.

I-Rapid DCamashaja anikeza amandla angu-50 kW (125A), asebenzisa amazinga okushaja e-CHAdeMO noma e-CCS, futhi aboniswa yizithonjana ezinsomi ku-Zap-Map.Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwamaphoyinti wokushaja we-EV asheshayo njengamanje, obekuyizinga lengxenye engcono kakhulu yeshumi leminyaka.Zombili izixhumi zivame ukushaja i-EV ukuya ku-80% emizuzwini engu-20 kuya ehoreni kuya ngomthamo webhethri nesimo sokuqala sokushajwa.

I-Ultra-Rapid DCamashaja anika amandla angu-100 kW noma ngaphezulu.Lokhu kuvamise ukuthi kube ngu-100 kW, 150 kW, noma 350 kW – nakuba ezinye isivinini esikhulu phakathi kwalezi zibalo singenzeka.Lezi isizukulwane esilandelayo sephoyinti lokushaja elisheshayo, elikwazi ukugcina izikhathi zokushajwa ziphansi naphezu kwamandla ebhethri anda kuma-EV amasha.

Kulawo ma-EV akwazi ukwamukela u-100 kW noma ngaphezulu, izikhathi zokushaja zigcinwa zehle zifike kumaminithi angu-20-40 ngokushaja okujwayelekile, ngisho namamodeli anebhethri elikhulu.Ngisho noma i-EV ikwazi ukwamukela ubukhulu obungu-50 kW DC, isengasebenzisa amaphuzu okushaja ashesha kakhulu, njengoba amandla azokhawulelwa kunoma yini imoto engabhekana nayo.Njengamadivaysi asheshayo angu-50 kW, izintambo ziboshelwa kuyunithi, futhi zihlinzeka ngokushaja ngezixhumi ze-CCS noma ze-CHAdeMO.

I-Supercharger kaTeslainethiwekhi iphinde inikeze ukushaja kwe-DC okusheshayo kubashayeli bezimoto zayo, kodwa sebenzisa isixhumi se-Tesla Type 2 noma isixhumi se-Tesla CCS - kuye ngemodeli.Lawa angashaja afinyelela ku-150 kW.Nakuba wonke amamodeli e-Tesla eklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa namayunithi e-Supercharger, abanikazi abaningi be-Tesla basebenzisa ama-adaptha abenza bakwazi ukusebenzisa amaphuzu avamile omphakathi, nama-adaptha e-CCS ne-CHAdeMO atholakalayo.Ukukhishwa kokushajwa kwe-CCS ku-Model 3 nokuthuthukiswa okulandelayo kwamamodeli amadala kuvumela abashayeli ukuthi bafinyelele ingxenye enkulu yengqalasizinda yokushaja okusheshayo yase-UK.

Abashayeli beModel S kanye ne-Model X bayakwazi ukusebenzisa isixhumi se-Tesla Type 2 esifakwe kuwo wonke amayunithi e-Supercharger.Abashayeli be-Tesla Model 3 kufanele basebenzise isixhumi se-Tesla CCS, esifakwa ngezigaba kuwo wonke amayunithi e-Supercharger.

I-AC esheshayoamashaja anikeza amandla angu-43 kW (izigaba ezintathu, 63A) futhi asebenzisa izinga lokushaja lohlobo 2.Amayunithi e-AC asheshayo ngokuvamile ayakwazi ukushaja i-EV ukuya ku-80% emaminithini angu-20-40 kuye ngokuthi umthamo webhethri wemodeli kanye nesimo sokuqala sokushajwa.

Amamodeli e-EV asebenzisa ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-CHAdeMO ahlanganisa iNissan Leaf neMitsubishi Outlander PHEV.Izinhlobo ezihambisana neCCS zihlanganisa iBMW i3, Kia e-Niro, neJaguar I-Pace.I-Model 3 kaTesla, i-Model S, ne-Model X zikwazi ngokukhethekile ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-Supercharger, kuyilapho imodeli kuphela ekwazi ukusebenzisa kakhulu ukushaja kwe-Rapid AC yiRenault Zoe.